• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention relates to a device for a drilling rig for forming a wellbore (6) in an underground structure (63), wherein the drilling rig comprises a first top drive drilling machine (1) arranged vertically displaceable along a guide rail (21) wherein a second drilling machine (3) is arranged between the first drilling machine ( 1) and the well hole (6) vertically displaceable along a guide rail (41) and provided with a turntable (31) arranged to be able to support the weight of a pipe column (5), a unit of rotary drive (32) arranged for continuous rotation of the pipe string (5), a fluid chamber (34) arranged in fluid communication to be able to connect a pipe string end portion (51) to a liquid installation of perforation (7), since and the fluid chamber (34) is provided with tube column ends (341, 343) comprising means (342, 344, 345); arranged in a waterproof way to be able to close the tube column doors (341, 343), and hydraulic pliers (33) arranged for the continuous rotation of an element (12, 52) connected to the (...).
    公开号:BR112012018700B1
    申请号:R112012018700-7
    申请日:2011-01-25
    公开日:2021-04-20
    发明作者:Helge Krohn；Mads Grinrod；Odd B. Skjaerseth
    申请人:West Drilling Products As；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] The present invention relates to a device for a drilling rig to form a wellbore in an underground structure, where the drilling rig comprises a top-driven first drilling machine vertically disposed displaceable along a guide rail, more particularly due to the fact that a second drilling machine is arranged between the first drilling machine and the wellbore vertically displaceably disposed along a guide rail and provided with a turntable arranged to be able to supporting the weight of a pipe string, a rotary drive unit arranged for continuous rotation of the pipe string, a fluid chamber arranged in fluid communication for connecting a pipe string end portion to a fluid flow installation. perforation, since the fluid chamber is provided with tube column ports comprising means impermeably arranged to fluid to close the ports of the pipe string, and hydraulic pliers hydraulic pliers arranged for the continuous rotation of an element connected to the pipe string, as the hydraulic pliers is disposed in the fluid chamber. A method for drilling with continuous tool rotation and supplying continuous drilling fluid is also described.
    [0002] During underground drilling, as in exploration and production drilling in conjunction with oil and gas exploration, new sections of drill pipe are firmly joined as the hole is extended. In each operation, the rotation of the pipe string is stopped, and in many techniques in use, the drilling fluid circulation is simultaneously stopped while the pipe string is extended. The disadvantage of this interruption in the rotation and circulation of drilling fluid is well known within the industry. The transport of debris out of the well is stopped, debris will then begin to penetrate, and in the horizontal wellbore portions debris can settle out. This can cause wasted time as the drilling fluid must be circulated for some time before the drilling operation is restarted to clear the wellbore. When the rotation of the pipe string is stopped, the risk of the pipe string getting stuck in the wellbore also increases due to the accumulation of the penetrated debris and the increased friction against the formation wall as a consequence of the pressure difference between the hole. and the formation around the hole. A further disadvantage is that an interruption in the drilling fluid circulation results in pressure variations in the drilling fluid, and if the pressure exceeds critical limits, the formation fluid may enter the wellbore or the drilling fluid may exit to training, and these situations are unwanted.
    [0003] From N0326427 a device for a top driven system is known where a drive shaft arranged for releasable connection to a transmission gear and with a first end portion of a drill pipe, is provided with a central flow arranged for fluid communication between the drilling fluid installation and a fluid flow in the drill pipe. A first and second releasable drive shaft enclosing or tube string enclosing, respectively, the pressure seal and a valve arranged in an open position to provide a passage for the drill pipe or drive shaft, form a first and a second chamber. A drilling fluid inlet is distributed in the second chamber and is arranged for fluid communication between the drilling fluid installation and the coupling housing.
    [0004] This provides the possibility of continuous circulation of drilling fluid, but during the installation of a new section of drill pipe, the rotation must be stopped.
    [0005] GB 2399112 describes a method and an apparatus for connecting pipe components during drilling without the rotation of the pipe string or the fluid circulation through the pipe string being interrupted. This is accomplished through cooperation between a top drive system and a turntable. A fluid circulation device attached to the threaded portion on the pipe components is used for fluid circulation when the top drive system is disconnected from the pipe string.
    [0006] US 6412554 describes a system for the continuous circulation of fluid to and through a pipe column, for example, a spiral pipe or a pipe column consisting of threaded pipe sections. The system comprises an upper and lower chamber having through openings for receiving the pipe string, as the sealing devices are arranged in an upper and lower opening and is arranged for a tight fit around the pipe string. The system also comprises devices for rotation and axial displacement of the tube string or tube components with respect to the chambers.
    [0007] The aim of the invention is to overcome or reduce at least one of the disadvantages of the prior art, or at least provide a useful alternative to the prior art.
    [0008] The objective is achieved by the characteristics described in the description below and in the subsequent claims.
    [0009] A device is provided for a drilling rig that has the possibility of performing the continuous rotation of a pipe string and the continuous circulation of drilling liquid so that the drilling of a portion of a well can continue without interruption . The invention will be able to contribute to increased productivity during the establishment of a wellbore. Two drilling machines are employed arranged on a drilling platform and coincide axially with the central geometric axis of the drilling platform, a first upper drilling machine is a top-drive system according to the prior art and realizes the basic principles of a drilling operation including rotating the pipe string, supplying drilling liquid to the pipe string, axial displacement of the pipe string and also rotating a section of drill pipe with respect to the pipe string during fitting the pipe string, and a second lower drilling machine is provided with means arranged to be able to suspend and at the same time rotate the pipe string, in addition to being able to supply the drilling liquid to the pipe string.
    [00010] Both drilling machines comprise means arranged for independent vertical displacement along guide rails in a drilling rig that extends upwards from a drilling rig or the like. Drilling machines can be connected to the same set of guide rails.
    [00011] The first drilling machine has a downwardly extending drive shaft, which for practical purposes is usually supplied with a drive shaft extension. In the further description, the term "drive shaft" encompasses the drive shaft employed at any time if it is physically extended with a releasable unit, or the drive shaft is provided as an element. When a drive shaft extension is expressly conditional, the term "drive shaft extension" is used.
    [00012] The second drilling machine is provided with a central through opening and comprises a turntable arranged for the continuous rotation of the pipe string and is provided with means for the suspension of the pipe string, for example, in the form of so-called "pneumatic wedges", the turntable is arranged on a rotary drive unit arranged to be freely able to connect to a portion of the pipe string. A hydraulic pliers arranged for continuous rotation is placed on the rotary drive unit and is arranged in a fluid chamber. The fluid chamber is provided with an upper and lower port coincident with the geometric axis of the pipe column and arranged for feeding through a drill pipe, as the ports are provided with pressure seals arranged for hermetic closure around the column tube or a tube column section. Furthermore, the upper port is provided with a stop valve arranged to be able to close said port and also in an open position to carry out direct feeding of a possible pipe column section. The fluid chamber is provided with means arranged for supplying pressurized drilling fluid and also draining fluid from the fluid chamber. The fluid chamber is advantageously provided with ventilation means arranged to conduct air or other gas into or out of the fluid chamber.
    [00013] A drilling operation is carried out as follows: a) The first drilling machine rotates the pipe string and supplies the drilling liquid to the central opening in the pipe string in an individually known manner until the pipe string needs to be extended with a new tube section. The tube section is suspended on the turntable. A portion of the drive shaft of the first drilling machine, or possibly a drive shaft extension, (in the so-called "drive shaft" for simplicity) extends down into the fluid chamber and is enclosed by hydraulic pliers. Pressure seals enclose the pipe string and drive shaft. b) After adapting the rotational speed of the rotary drive unit to match the rotational speed of the tube string, the rotary drive unit and the tube string are joined while the tube string rotates. The first drilling machine can then be disengaged as the rotation of the pipe string is now taken over by the bottom drilling machine. c) After adapting the rotational speed of the hydraulic pliers to match the rotational speed of the pipe string, it engages the drive shaft. Pressure seals are activated. d) Through the synchronized operation of the rotary drive unit and hydraulic pliers, the threaded connection between the drive shaft and tube column is interrupted while the fluid chamber is pressurized. Since the drilling fluid can flow into the pipe string from the fluid chamber, the supply of drilling fluid to the first drilling machine is shut off. e) The drive shaft is disengaged from the hydraulic pliers, and in the vertical displacement of the first drilling machine it is extracted from the stop valve, which is closed before the upper pressure seal is deactivated and the drive shaft is extracted from the door top of the fluid chamber. f) The rotation and vertical displacement of the pipe string and also the supply of drilling liquid are maintained by means of the lower drilling machine while a new pipe string section is connected to the drive shaft of the first drilling machine. g) The tube column section is inserted into the upper fluid chamber port. The pressure seal is activated. The stop valve is opened and the tube column section is moved down into the fluid chamber for attachment to the hydraulic pliers for connection to the tube column in synchronized operation of the rotation of the rotary drive unit and the hydraulic pliers thereto time when the supply of drilling liquid through the first drilling machine is started and the supply of drilling liquid through the fluid chamber is stopped. h) Rotation, vertical displacement and drilling liquid supply are maintained by the first drilling machine as the rotary drive unit of the lower drilling machine is disengaged from the pipe string, the fluid chamber is drained and the seals pressure switches are disabled. i) Operations a) -h) are repeated until the drilling operation is completed.
    [00014] In a first aspect, the invention refers more specifically to the characteristics expressed in the attached claim 1. Alternative embodiments are expressed in the attached claims 2-9.
    [00015] In a second aspect, the invention refers more specifically to the characteristics expressed in the attached claim 10.
    [00016] In a third aspect, the invention relates to the use of a closable fluid chamber enclosing hydraulic pliers, for the supply of drilling fluid to a pipe string through the use of a drilling machine provided with a turntable.
    [00017] The following describes an example of a preferred embodiment illustrated in the attached drawings, in which:
    [00018] Figure 1 shows a side view of a drilling rig comprising two auxiliary drilling machines, where the lower drilling machine is cut; Figure 2 schematically shows on a smaller scale a drilling fluid installation connected to the drilling machines; Figures 3 to 7 show side views of different steps of a continuous drilling operation, where the arrows and solid black hatch indicate the unit being active and also where the drilling fluid is flowing, as Figure 3 shows the drill string operating by means of the bottom drilling machine, and a tube string section ready for connection to the first drilling machine; Figure 4 shows the pipe string section connected to the first drilling machine and introduced into the upper port of the fluid chamber and sealed closed by the pressure seal of the port; Figure 5 shows the pipe column section driven through the fluid chamber stop valve and connected to the hydraulic pliers set in rotation; Figure 6 shows the pipe string section disengaged from the hydraulic pliers and connected to the pipe string now disengaged from the turntable and driven by the first drilling machine while the fluid chamber is being drained of drilling liquid; and Figure 7 shows the pipe string driven by the first drilling machine and in free rotation relative to the lower drilling machine.
    [00019] In the drawings reference numeral 1 indicates an individually known top drive system, hereinafter also called the first drilling machine. It is normally provided with a drive shaft 11 and a drive shaft extension 12 and also a drilling liquid inlet 13 and is fixed to a drilling tower 2 displaceable in the vertical direction along a guide rail 21 The drilling machine 1 is arranged central to the central geometric axis 62 of a wellbore 6.
    [00020] Between the first drilling machine 1 and the wellbore 6 there is arranged a second drilling machine 3 fixed to a second drilling tower 4 and displaceable in the vertical direction along a guide rail 41.
    [00021] A pipe string 5 extends down into wellbore 6 (see figure 2) and is composed of multiple pipe string sections 52 by threaded union with an end portion 51 of the pipe string 5. Tube string section 52 comprises a drive tube 521 provided with a portion 521a having a polygonal cross section arranged for releasable engagement with the second drilling machine 3. The tube string 5 is provided with a drill bit 53.
    [00022] Wellbore 6 extends from wellhead 61 down into an underground structure 63.
    [00023] The drilling machines 1, 3 are in a form of fluid communication connected to a drilling fluid installation 7 comprising a drilling fluid pump 71, a supply line 72 arranged to convey pressurized drilling fluid to the drill bit 53 through the drilling machines 1, 3 and a central opening in the pipe string 5, a pumping line 73 which in a fluid communication form connects the drilling fluid pump 71 to a drilling fluid reservoir 74, and a return line 75 connects the wellhead 61 and the drilling fluid reservoir 74.
    [00024] The supply line 72 comprises a primary line 721 provided with a first stop valve 723 arranged in a controlled manner to convey drilling liquid to the first drilling machine 1, and a secondary line 722 provided with a second valve stop 724 arranged in a controlled manner to convey drilling fluid to the second drilling machine 3. A drain line 76 connects the second drilling machine to the drilling fluid reservoir 74.
    [00025] The second drilling machine 3 comprises a turntable 31 provided with pneumatic wedges 311 arranged for the suspension of the tube string 5 on the turntable 31 in an individually known manner. A rotary drive unit 32 is arranged connected to the turntable 31, this is arranged by releasable attachment to the polygonal portion 521a of the drive tube 521 to be able to rotate the tube column 5 around its central geometric axis when it is suspended in the turntable 31. On the turntable 31 there is arranged a hydraulic pliers 33 arranged for continuous rotation. The hydraulic pliers 33 is enclosed in a fluid chamber 34 provided with a lower and upper tube column port341 and 343 respectively. Tube column ports 341, 343 are provided with a pressure seal 342 and 344 respectively, disposed by waxing a bracket against a portion of a tube column portion 5, a tube column section 53 or the shaft extension drive 12 of the first drilling machine to close the pipe string ports 341, 343. Between the fluid chamber 34 and the upper pressure seal 344 a stop valve 345 is arranged, which in an open position is arranged to drive a tube column section 52 and at least one end portion extending down from the connected drive shaft extension 12.
    [00026] The fluid chamber 34 is additionally provided with a drilling fluid inlet 35 in fluid communication connection with the secondary line 722. A closable fluid chamber drain port 351 is arranged to be able to drain the fluid chamber 34 to drilling fluid reservoir 74 through drain line 76. A fluid chamber fan 352 is disposed in the upper portion of fluid chamber 34 and is arranged to be able to vent fluid chamber 34 to air and other gases when the fluid chamber is filled with or emptied of drilling fluid.
    [00027] The turntable 31, the rotary drive unit 32, the hydraulic pliers 33 and the fluid chamber tube column ports 341, 343 form a central opening 36 that extends through the second drilling machine 3 and is arranged centrally with respect to the central axis 62 of the wellbore 6.
    [00028] When a drilling operation is carried out with a drilling rig arranged in accordance with the invention, the tube string 5 is rotated and displaced in a first stage by means of the first drilling machine 1, as the pipe string tube 5 extends through the central opening 36 of the second drilling machine 3 and moves freely relative to the second drilling machine 3 (see figure 7). The drilling fluid is circulated through the drilling fluid inlet 13 of the first drilling machine 1 to the drill bit 53 and returns to the drilling fluid reservoir 74 through a ring 54 (see figure 2), the head well 61, the return line 75 and the necessary processing equipment (not shown) for the individually known treatment of the drilling fluid. The second drilling machine 3 is moved in the vertical direction to an upper starting position.
    [00029] When a drive tube 521 arranged higher in the tube string 5 is positioned with its polygonal drive tube portion 521a enclosed by the rotary drive unit 32 of the second drilling machine 3, this is adjusted in rotation corresponding to the tube column 5 and is guided in engagement with the tube column 5. The tube column 5 is suspended on the turntable 31 by means of pneumatic wedges 311 in an individually known manner. The hydraulic pliers 33 is set in rotation corresponding to the tube column 5 and is driven in engagement with the drive shaft extension 12 which extends through the hydraulic pliers. Rotation of the pipe string can now be performed by the second drilling machine 3 as the drive gear of the first drilling machine 1 is disengaged.
    [00030] In the next stage, the lower and upper pressure seals 342, 344 and also the fluid chamber port 351 are closed, and the drilling fluid is supplied to the fluid chamber 34, as the respective stop valve 724 in the supply line 72 opens. By means of a speed reduction in the hydraulic pliers 33 relative to the rotary drive unit 32, the connection between the drive shaft extension and the tube string is interrupted, and the drilling fluid is now supplied through the fluid chamber. 34 and the open pipe string end portion 51. The supply of drilling fluid to the first drilling machine 1 stops when the respective stop valve 723 in the supply line 72 is closed. The rotation of the tube string and the displacement of the tube string 5 for the time being are being carried out by the second drilling machine 3.
    [00031] The first drilling machine 1 is now displaced away from the second drilling machine 3, since the stop valve 345 of the second drilling machine 3 is closed as the drive shaft extension 12 is removed from the central flow of the stop valve 345, while upper pressure seal 344 is still exerting sealing stop pressure around drive shaft extension 12.
    [00032] Then, the upper pressure seal 344 is removed and the drive shaft extension 12 is withdrawn from the second drilling machine 3 for connection to the next pipe column section 52 (see figure 3).
    [00033] The first drilling machine 1 is moved towards the second drilling machine 3 until a lower end portion of the pipe string section 52 is closed by the upper pressure seal 344 which is then activated to exert a stop pressure seal around pipe column section 52 (see figure 4). Then, the stop valve 345 is opened, and the first drilling machine 1 and the hydraulic pliers 33 are set in rotation corresponding to the pipe string 5. The drilling liquid supply to the first drilling machine 1 is opened (see figure 5). The rotational speed of the hydraulic pliers 33 is increased relative to the rotary drive unit 32 as the drive gear of the first drilling machine 1 is disengaged and the tube string section 52 is moved towards the end portion 51 of the pipe string 5 and connected to pipe string 5. Closing the respective stop valve 724 stops the supply of drilling fluid to the fluid chamber 34.
    [00034] The rotary drive unit 32, the hydraulic pliers 33 and the pneumatic wedges 311 are disengaged from the extended tube column 5 as the first drilling machine 1 is put into operation. Fluid chamber 34 is emptied of drilling liquid through fluid chamber drain port 351 and drain line 76, and pressure seals 342, 344 are disengaged from their pressure seal fitting against the pipe string 5. The process is repeated until the desired drill bit position is reached.
    [00035] It is obvious to one skilled in the art to provide the drilling rig according to the invention with relative monitoring and operating means to synchronize the various operations described above.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [0001]
    1. Device for a drilling rig for forming a wellbore (6) in an underground structure (63) wherein the drilling rig comprises a first top driven drilling machine (1) disposed vertically displaceable along a guide rail (21); and a second drilling machine (3) is arranged between the first drilling machine (1) and the wellbore vertically displaceable along a guide rail (41) and is provided with a turntable (31) arranged to be able to of supporting the weight of a tube column (5), a rotary drive unit (32) arranged for the continuous rotation of a tube column (5), and a fluid chamber (34) arranged in fluid communication to be able to connecting a pipe string end portion (51) to a drilling fluid installation (7), the fluid chamber (34) being provided with pipe string ports (341, 343) comprising means (342, 344 , 345) impermeably arranged to be able to close the tube column ports (341, 343), characterized in that the second drilling machine is additionally provided with hydraulic pliers (33) arranged to be able to connect / disconnect an element (12, 51) to/from the pipe column (5), the ali hydraulic link (33) being disposed in the fluid chamber (34).
    [0002]
    2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the tube column ports (341, 343) are provided with pressure seals (342, 344) impermeably arranged to be able to enclose a portion of the tube column (5), a tube column section (52) or a drive shaft (12) connected to the first drilling machine (1).
    [0003]
    3. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper tube column port (343) is provided with a stop valve (345) arranged between an upper pressure seal (344) and the chamber of fluid (34).
    [0004]
    4. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the drilling fluid installation (7) comprises a supply line (72) provided with means (721, 722, 723, 724) arranged in fluid communication to being able to connect a drilling fluid pump (71) to a drilling fluid inlet (13) in the first drilling machine (1) and to a drilling fluid inlet (35) in the fluid chamber (34).
    [0005]
    5. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the fluid chamber (34) is provided with a closable fluid chamber drain port (351) in fluid communication with a drilling fluid reservoir (74).
    [0006]
    6. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the fluid chamber (34) is provided with a closable fan (352).
    [0007]
    7. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide rail (21) of the first drilling machine (1) is arranged distant from the guide rail (41) of the second drilling machine (3).
    [0008]
    8. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide rail (21) of the first drilling machine (1) is coincident with the guide rail (41) of the second drilling machine (3).
    [0009]
    9. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the tube column section (52) comprises a drive tube (521) provided with a portion (521a) having a polygonal cross-sectional profile.
    [0010]
    10. Drilling method with continuous tool rotation and continuous supply of drilling fluid, comprising the following steps: a) a pipe string (5) provided with a drill bit (53) positioned in a wellbore (6) in an underground structure (63) is connected to a drive shaft (11) in a first top-driven drilling machine (1) and is driven through a central opening (36) in a second drilling machine (3) , is rotated and displaced outwardly in the axial direction of the wellbore (6) while drilling fluid is supplied to the drill bit (53) through a drilling fluid inlet (13) in the first drilling machine (1) ; b) a rotary drive unit (32) connected to a turntable (31) on the second drilling machine (3) is set in rotation with a speed corresponding to the rotation of the pipe string (5); c) the rotary drive unit (32) is driven in engagement with an upper portion (521a) of the rotary tube string (5); d) closable pressure seals (342, 344) formed in tube column ports (341, 343) in a fluid chamber (34) disposed between the turntable (31) and the first drilling machine (1) , are driven in pressure sealing engagement against a portion of the tube column (5), or a portion of the drive shaft (11) respectively: characterized in that: e) hydraulic pliers (33) disposed in the fluid chamber (34) is set in rotation with a speed corresponding to the rotation of the drive shaft (11); f) the hydraulic pliers is driven in engagement with a portion of the drive shaft (11); g) by reducing the rotational speed of the hydraulic pliers (33) relative to the turntable (31), the drive shaft is disengaged from the tube column (5) at the same time that a fluid communication connection is established between an installation of drilling fluid (7) and the drill bit (53) through the fluid chamber (34) and an open top tube string end portion (51) followed by supplying the drilling fluid to the first drilling machine (1) being interrupted; h) the drive shaft (11) is displaced out of the fluid chamber (34), the first drilling machine (1) being moved away from the second drilling machine (3) as the stop valve (345) is closed and an upper pressure seal (344) is disengaged from the socket against the drive shaft (11); i) a tube column section (52) is connected to the drive shaft (11) of the first drilling machine (1) and displaced into the fluid chamber (34), the upper pressure seal (344) being driven for fitting against the pipe column section (52) and the stop valve (345) is opened; j) the hydraulic pliers (33) is driven in engagement with a portion of the tube column section (52) and provides a rotation speed over the tube column section (52) greater than the rotation speed of the tube column (52) tube (5); k) the hydraulic pliers (33) is moved towards the pipe string (5) and connects the pipe string section (52) to the pipe string (5), the supply of drilling liquid to the first drilling machine ( 1) being re-established, then the supply of drilling fluid to the fluid chamber (34) is stopped; l) the first drilling machine (1) restarts the rotation and vertical displacement of the drill string (5) the fluid chamber (34) being drained out through a drain port (351) to a liquid reservoir of perforation (74), then the pressure seals are matedly disengaged against the pipe string (5); and m) steps b) -l) are repeated.
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    同族专利:
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    EP2529074B1|2018-04-25|
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    CN102803643B|2015-04-08|
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    法律状态:
    2020-09-08| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|
    2021-02-02| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2021-04-20| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted [chapter 16.1 patent gazette]|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 10 (DEZ) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 20/04/2021, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    NO20100123|2010-01-26|
    NO20100123A|NO333021B1|2010-01-26|2010-01-26|Device and method for drilling with continuous tool rotation and continuous drilling fluid supply|
    PCT/NO2011/000028|WO2011093716A1|2010-01-26|2011-01-25|Device and method for drilling with continous tool rotation and continous drilling fluid supply|
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